% LLNCS DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 2.8 % for LaTeX2e % \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] \ProvidesClass{llncs}[2000/05/16 v2.8 ^^JLaTeX document class for Lecture Notes in Computer Science] % Options \let\if@envcntreset\iffalse \DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue} \DeclareOption{citeauthoryear}{\let\citeauthoryear=Y} \DeclareOption{oribibl}{\let\oribibl=Y} \let\if@custvec\iftrue \DeclareOption{orivec}{\let\if@custvec\iffalse} \let\if@envcntsame\iffalse \DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue} \let\if@envcntsect\iffalse \DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue} \let\if@runhead\iffalse \DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue} \let\if@openbib\iffalse \DeclareOption{openbib}{\let\if@openbib\iftrue} \DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{article}} \ProcessOptions \LoadClass[twoside]{article} \RequirePackage{multicol} % needed for the list of participants, index \setlength{\textwidth}{12.2cm} \setlength{\textheight}{19.3cm} % Ragged bottom for the actual page \def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil \global\let\@textbottom\relax}} \renewcommand\small{% \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11}% \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@ \itemsep0\p@}% \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip } \frenchspacing \widowpenalty=10000 \clubpenalty=10000 \setlength\oddsidemargin {63\p@} \setlength\evensidemargin {63\p@} \setlength\marginparwidth {90\p@} \setlength\headsep {16\p@} \setlength\footnotesep{7.7\p@} \setlength\textfloatsep{8mm\@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@} \setlength\intextsep {8mm\@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@} \setcounter{secnumdepth}{2} \newcounter {chapter} \renewcommand\thechapter {\@arabic\c@chapter} \newif\if@mainmatter \@mainmattertrue \newcommand\frontmatter{\cleardoublepage \@mainmatterfalse\pagenumbering{Roman}} \newcommand\mainmatter{\cleardoublepage \@mainmattertrue\pagenumbering{arabic}} \newcommand\backmatter{\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi \@mainmatterfalse} \renewcommand\part{\cleardoublepage \thispagestyle{empty}% \if@twocolumn \onecolumn \@tempswatrue \else \@tempswafalse \fi \null\vfil \secdef\@part\@spart} \def\@part[#1]#2{% \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax \refstepcounter{part}% \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart\hspace{1em}#1}% \else \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}% \fi \markboth{}{}% {\centering \interlinepenalty \@M \normalfont \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax \huge\bfseries \partname~\thepart \par \vskip 20\p@ \fi \Huge \bfseries #2\par}% \@endpart} \def\@spart#1{% {\centering \interlinepenalty \@M \normalfont \Huge \bfseries #1\par}% \@endpart} \def\@endpart{\vfil\newpage \if@twoside \null \thispagestyle{empty}% \newpage \fi \if@tempswa \twocolumn \fi} \newcommand\chapter{\clearpage \thispagestyle{empty}% \global\@topnum\z@ \@afterindentfalse \secdef\@chapter\@schapter} \def\@chapter[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \if@mainmatter \refstepcounter{chapter}% \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}% \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}% {\protect\numberline{\thechapter}#1}% \else \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}% \fi \else \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}% \fi \chaptermark{#1}% \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}% \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}% \if@twocolumn \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]% \else \@makechapterhead{#2}% \@afterheading \fi} \def\@makechapterhead#1{% % \vspace*{50\p@}% {\centering \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \if@mainmatter \large\bfseries \@chapapp{} \thechapter \par\nobreak \vskip 20\p@ \fi \fi \interlinepenalty\@M \Large \bfseries #1\par\nobreak \vskip 40\p@ }} \def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]% \else \@makeschapterhead{#1}% \@afterheading \fi} \def\@makeschapterhead#1{% % \vspace*{50\p@}% {\centering \normalfont \interlinepenalty\@M \Large \bfseries #1\par\nobreak \vskip 40\p@ }} \renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}% {-18\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}% {12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}% {\normalfont\large\bfseries\boldmath \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }} \renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}% {-18\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}% {8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}% {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }} \renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}% {-18\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}% {-0.5em \@plus -0.22em \@minus -0.1em}% {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}} \renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}% {-12\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}% {-0.5em \@plus -0.22em \@minus -0.1em}% {\normalfont\normalsize\itshape}} \renewcommand\subparagraph[1]{\typeout{LLNCS warning: You should not use \string\subparagraph\space with this class}\vskip0.5cm You should not use \verb|\subparagraph| with this class.\vskip0.5cm} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09} \DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A} \let\footnotesize\small \if@custvec \def\vec#1{\mathchoice{\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}} {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}} {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}} {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}} \fi \def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}} \def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil \penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed \parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi} \def\getsto{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip \halign{\hfil $\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr\gets\cr\to\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr\gets \cr\to\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\gets \cr\to\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr \gets\cr\to\cr}}}}} \def\lid{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil $\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr \noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr \noalign{\vskip1pt}=\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr <\cr \noalign{\vskip0.9pt}=\cr}}}}} \def\gid{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil $\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr \noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr \noalign{\vskip1pt}=\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr >\cr \noalign{\vskip0.9pt}=\cr}}}}} \def\grole{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip \halign{\hfil $\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\noalign{\vskip-1pt}<\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr >\cr\noalign{\vskip-1pt}<\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr >\cr\noalign{\vskip-0.8pt}<\cr}}} {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr >\cr\noalign{\vskip-0.3pt}<\cr}}}}} \def\bbbr{{\rm I\!R}} %reelle Zahlen \def\bbbm{{\rm I\!M}} \def\bbbn{{\rm I\!N}} %natuerliche Zahlen \def\bbbf{{\rm I\!F}} \def\bbbh{{\rm I\!H}} \def\bbbk{{\rm I\!K}} \def\bbbp{{\rm I\!P}} \def\bbbone{{\mathchoice {\rm 1\mskip-4mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-4mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-4.5mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-5mu l}}} \def\bbbc{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}}} \def\bbbq{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise 0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.8\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise 0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.8\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise 0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.7\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise 0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.7\ht0\hss}\box0}}}} \def\bbbt{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}}} \def\bbbs{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\hbox to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.5\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\hbox to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.5\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\raise0.05\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.5\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\box0}} {\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\raise0.05\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\box0}}}} \def\bbbz{{\mathchoice {\hbox{$\mathsf\textstyle Z\kern-0.4em Z$}} {\hbox{$\mathsf\textstyle Z\kern-0.4em Z$}} {\hbox{$\mathsf\scriptstyle Z\kern-0.3em Z$}} {\hbox{$\mathsf\scriptscriptstyle Z\kern-0.2em Z$}}}} \let\ts\, \setlength\leftmargini {17\p@} \setlength\leftmargin {\leftmargini} \setlength\leftmarginii {\leftmargini} \setlength\leftmarginiii {\leftmargini} \setlength\leftmarginiv {\leftmargini} \setlength \labelsep {.5em} \setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini} \addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep} \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@ \itemsep0\p@} \let\@listi\@listI \@listi \def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii \labelwidth\leftmarginii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep \topsep 0\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@} \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii \labelwidth\leftmarginiii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep \topsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@\@minus\p@ \parsep \z@ \partopsep \p@ \@plus\z@ \@minus\p@} \renewcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --} \renewcommand\labelitemii{$\m@th\bullet$} \setlength\arraycolsep{1.4\p@} \setlength\tabcolsep{1.4\p@} \def\tableofcontents{\chapter*{\contentsname\@mkboth{{\contentsname}}% {{\contentsname}}} \def\authcount##1{\setcounter{auco}{##1}\setcounter{@auth}{1}} \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{auco}=2\relax \unskip{} \andname\ \else \unskip \lastandname\ \fi}% \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{auco}% \lastand \else \unskip, \fi}% \@starttoc{toc}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi} \def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}% \addvspace{2em plus\p@}% % space above part line \begingroup \parindent \z@ \rightskip \z@ plus 5em \hrule\vskip5pt \large % same size as for a contribution heading \bfseries\boldmath % set line in boldface \leavevmode % TeX command to enter horizontal mode. #1\par \vskip5pt \hrule \vskip1pt \nobreak % Never break after part entry \endgroup} \def\@dotsep{2} \def\hyperhrefextend{\ifx\hyper@anchor\@undefined\else {chapter.\thechapter}\fi} \def\addnumcontentsmark#1#2#3{% \addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{\protect\numberline {\thechapter}#3}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}} \def\addcontentsmark#1#2#3{% \addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}} \def\addcontentsmarkwop#1#2#3{% \addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{0}\hyperhrefextend}} \def\@adcmk[#1]{\ifcase #1 \or \def\@gtempa{\addnumcontentsmark}% \or \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmark}% \or \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmarkwop}% \fi\@gtempa{toc}{chapter}} \def\addtocmark{\@ifnextchar[{\@adcmk}{\@adcmk[3]}} \def\l@chapter#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty} \vskip 1.0em plus 1pt \@tempdima 1.5em \begingroup \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip {\large\bfseries\boldmath#1}\ifx0#2\hfil\null \else \nobreak \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern \@dotsep mu$}\hfill \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}% \fi\par \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup} \def\l@title#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty} \addvspace{8pt plus 1pt} \@tempdima \z@ \begingroup \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg \parfillskip -\@tocrmarg \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip #1\nobreak \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern \@dotsep mu$}\hfill \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup} \setcounter{tocdepth}{0} \newdimen\tocchpnum \newdimen\tocsecnum \newdimen\tocsectotal \newdimen\tocsubsecnum \newdimen\tocsubsectotal \newdimen\tocsubsubsecnum \newdimen\tocsubsubsectotal \newdimen\tocparanum \newdimen\tocparatotal \newdimen\tocsubparanum \tocchpnum=\z@ % no chapter numbers \tocsecnum=15\p@ % section 88. plus 2.222pt \tocsubsecnum=23\p@ % subsection 88.8 plus 2.222pt \tocsubsubsecnum=27\p@ % subsubsection 88.8.8 plus 1.444pt \tocparanum=35\p@ % paragraph 88.8.8.8 plus 1.666pt \tocsubparanum=43\p@ % subparagraph 88.8.8.8.8 plus 1.888pt \def\calctocindent{% \tocsectotal=\tocchpnum \advance\tocsectotal by\tocsecnum \tocsubsectotal=\tocsectotal \advance\tocsubsectotal by\tocsubsecnum \tocsubsubsectotal=\tocsubsectotal \advance\tocsubsubsectotal by\tocsubsubsecnum \tocparatotal=\tocsubsubsectotal \advance\tocparatotal by\tocparanum} \calctocindent \def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{\tocchpnum}{\tocsecnum}} \def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{\tocsectotal}{\tocsubsecnum}} \def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{\tocsubsectotal}{\tocsubsubsecnum}} \def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{\tocsubsubsectotal}{\tocparanum}} \def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{\tocparatotal}{\tocsubparanum}} \def\listoffigures{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn \fi\section*{\listfigurename\@mkboth{{\listfigurename}}{{\listfigurename}}} \@starttoc{lof}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi} \def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{0em}{1.5em}} \def\listoftables{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn \fi\section*{\listtablename\@mkboth{{\listtablename}}{{\listtablename}}} \@starttoc{lot}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi} \let\l@table\l@figure \renewcommand\listoffigures{% \section*{\listfigurename \@mkboth{\listfigurename}{\listfigurename}}% \@starttoc{lof}% } \renewcommand\listoftables{% \section*{\listtablename \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}% \@starttoc{lot}% } \ifx\oribibl\undefined \ifx\citeauthoryear\undefined \renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1] {\section*{\refname} \def\@biblabel##1{##1.} \small \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}% {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}% \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep \if@openbib \advance\leftmargin\bibindent \itemindent -\bibindent \listparindent \itemindent \parsep \z@ \fi \usecounter{enumiv}% \let\p@enumiv\@empty \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}% \if@openbib \renewcommand\newblock{\par}% \else \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}% \fi \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000% \sfcode`\.=\@m} {\def\@noitemerr {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}% \endlist} \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw {\let\protect\noexpand\immediate \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces} \newcount\@tempcntc \def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do {\@ifundefined {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries ?}\@warning {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}% {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}% \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne \@citea\def\@citea{,}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}% \else \advance\@tempcntb\@ne \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}} \def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else \@citea\def\@citea{,\,\hskip\z@skip}% \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi} \else \renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1] {\section*{\refname} \small \list{}% {\settowidth\labelwidth{}% \leftmargin\parindent \itemindent=-\parindent \labelsep=\z@ \if@openbib \advance\leftmargin\bibindent \itemindent -\bibindent \listparindent \itemindent \parsep \z@ \fi \usecounter{enumiv}% \let\p@enumiv\@empty \renewcommand\theenumiv{}}% \if@openbib \renewcommand\newblock{\par}% \else \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}% \fi \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000% \sfcode`\.=\@m} {\def\@noitemerr {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}% \endlist} \def\@cite#1{#1}% \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[]\if@filesw {\def\protect##1{\string ##1\space}\immediate \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces} \fi \else \@cons\@openbib@code{\noexpand\small} \fi \def\idxquad{\hskip 10\p@}% space that divides entry from number \def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 10\p@} \def\subitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\enspace}% second order \noindent\hangindent\wd0\box0}% index entry \def\subsubitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\,--\enspace}% third \noindent\hangindent\wd0\box0}% order index entry \def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ plus5\p@ minus3\p@\relax} \renewenvironment{theindex} {\@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}% \thispagestyle{empty}\parindent\z@ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax \let\item\par \def\,{\relax\ifmmode\mskip\thinmuskip \else\hskip0.2em\ignorespaces\fi}% \normalfont\small \begin{multicols}{2}[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]% } {\end{multicols}} \renewcommand\footnoterule{% \kern-3\p@ \hrule\@width 2truecm \kern2.6\p@} \newdimen\fnindent \fnindent1em \long\def\@makefntext#1{% \parindent \fnindent% \leftskip \fnindent% \noindent \llap{\hb@xt@1em{\hss\@makefnmark\ }}\ignorespaces#1} \long\def\@makecaption#1#2{% \vskip\abovecaptionskip \sbox\@tempboxa{{\bfseries #1.} #2}% \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize {\bfseries #1.} #2\par \else \global \@minipagefalse \hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}% \fi \vskip\belowcaptionskip} \def\fps@figure{htbp} \def\fnum@figure{\figurename\thinspace\thefigure} \def \@floatboxreset {% \reset@font \small \@setnobreak \@setminipage } \def\fps@table{htbp} \def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable} \renewenvironment{table} {\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}% \setlength\belowcaptionskip{10\p@}% \@float{table}} {\end@float} \renewenvironment{table*} {\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}% \setlength\belowcaptionskip{10\p@}% \@dblfloat{table}} {\end@dblfloat} \long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup \@parboxrestore \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par \endgroup} % LaTeX does not provide a command to enter the authors institute % addresses. The \institute command is defined here. \newcounter{@inst} \newcounter{@auth} \newcounter{auco} \def\andname{and} \def\lastandname{\unskip, and} \newdimen\instindent \newbox\authrun \newtoks\authorrunning \newtoks\tocauthor \newbox\titrun \newtoks\titlerunning \newtoks\toctitle \def\clearheadinfo{\gdef\@author{No Author Given}% \gdef\@title{No Title Given}% \gdef\@subtitle{}% \gdef\@institute{No Institute Given}% \gdef\@thanks{}% \global\titlerunning={}\global\authorrunning={}% \global\toctitle={}\global\tocauthor={}} \def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}} \def\institutename{\par \begingroup \parskip=\z@ \parindent=\z@ \setcounter{@inst}{1}% \def\and{\par\stepcounter{@inst}% \noindent$^{\the@inst}$\enspace\ignorespaces}% \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}% \ifnum\c@@inst=1\relax \else \setcounter{footnote}{\c@@inst}% \setcounter{@inst}{1}% \noindent$^{\the@inst}$\enspace \fi \ignorespaces \@institute\par \endgroup} \def\@fnsymbol#1{\ensuremath{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or {\star\star\star}\or \dagger\or \ddagger\or \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi}} \def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$} \def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$} \def\email#1{{\tt#1}} \AtBeginDocument{\@ifundefined{url}{\def\url#1{#1}}{}} \def\homedir{\~{ }} \def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}} \clearheadinfo \renewcommand\maketitle{\newpage \refstepcounter{chapter}% \stepcounter{section}% \setcounter{section}{0}% \setcounter{subsection}{0}% \setcounter{figure}{0} \setcounter{table}{0} \setcounter{equation}{0} \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \begingroup \parindent=\z@ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}% \if@twocolumn \ifnum \col@number=\@ne \@maketitle \else \twocolumn[\@maketitle]% \fi \else \newpage \global\@topnum\z@ % Prevents figures from going at top of page. \@maketitle \fi \thispagestyle{empty}\@thanks % \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}% \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}% \instindent=\hsize \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent \if!\the\toctitle!\addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\@title}\else \addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\the\toctitle}\fi \if@runhead \if!\the\titlerunning!\else \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}% \fi \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title}% \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent \typeout{Title too long for running head. Please supply}% \typeout{a shorter form with \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}% \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}% \fi \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}% \fi % \if!\the\tocauthor!\relax {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}% \protected@xdef\toc@uthor{\@author}}% \else \def\\{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\newline}% \protected@xdef\scratch{\the\tocauthor}% \protected@xdef\toc@uthor{\scratch}% \fi \addtocontents{toc}{{\protect\raggedright\protect\leftskip15\p@ \protect\rightskip\@tocrmarg \protect\itshape\toc@uthor\protect\endgraf}}% \if@runhead \if!\the\authorrunning! \value{@inst}=\value{@auth}% \setcounter{@auth}{1}% \else \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}% \fi \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\unboldmath\@author\unskip}% \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent \typeout{Names of authors too long for running head. Please supply}% \typeout{a shorter form with \string\authorrunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}% \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Authors Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}% \fi \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}% \markboth{\@author}{\@title}% \fi \endgroup \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \clearheadinfo} % \def\@maketitle{\newpage \markboth{}{}% \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{@inst}=2\relax \unskip{} \andname\ \else \unskip \lastandname\ \fi}% \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{@inst}% \lastand \else \unskip, \fi}% \begin{center}% {\Large \bfseries\boldmath \pretolerance=10000 \@title \par}\vskip .8cm \if!\@subtitle!\else {\large \bfseries\boldmath \vskip -.65cm \pretolerance=10000 \@subtitle \par}\vskip .8cm\fi \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{@auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}}% \def\thanks##1{}\@author}% \global\value{@inst}=\value{@auth}% \global\value{auco}=\value{@auth}% \setcounter{@auth}{1}% {\lineskip .5em \noindent\ignorespaces \@author\vskip.35cm} {\small\institutename} \end{center}% } % definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command. % % Usage: % % \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font} % or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font} % or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font} % % New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for % fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself. % % "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number. % % A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described % by Lamport. % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \def\@thmcountersep{} \def\@thmcounterend{.} \def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}} % definition of \spnewtheorem with number \def\@spnthm#1#2{% \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}} \def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}} \def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}% \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}% \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}% \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}% \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}} \def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname {\@definecounter{#1}% \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}% \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}% \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}% \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}} \def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{% \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}% {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}% \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}% \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}% \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}} \def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@ \refstepcounter{#1}% \@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}} \def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}% \ignorespaces} \def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces} \def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4} \def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5} % definition of \spnewtheorem* without number \def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}} \def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}% \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}% \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}} \def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@ \@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}} \def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces} \def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1} {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces} \def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]} \def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }} \if@envcntsect \def\@thmcountersep{.} \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape} \else \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape} \if@envcntreset \@addtoreset{theorem}{section} \else \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter} \fi \fi %definition of divers theorem environments \spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem. \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}} \else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}} \else % nicht mit section numeriert \if@envcntreset \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4} \@addtoreset{#1}{section}} \else \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4} \@addtoreset{#1}{chapter}}% \fi \fi \fi \spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape} \spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape} \spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape} \spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape} \spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily} \def\@takefromreset#1#2{% \def\@tempa{#1}% \let\@tempd\@elt \def\@elt##1{% \def\@tempb{##1}% \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}% \fi}% \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}% \@tempc \let\@elt\@tempd} \def\theopargself{\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5} \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }} } \renewenvironment{abstract}{% \list{}{\advance\topsep by0.35cm\relax\small \leftmargin=1cm \labelwidth=\z@ \listparindent=\z@ \itemindent\listparindent \rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[\hskip\labelsep \bfseries\abstractname]} {\endlist} \renewcommand{\abstractname}{Abstract.} \renewcommand{\contentsname}{Table of Contents} \renewcommand{\figurename}{Fig.} \renewcommand{\tablename}{Table} \newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between \headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings. \def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty \def\@evenhead{\normalfont\small\rlap{\thepage}\hspace{\headlineindent}% \leftmark\hfil} \def\@oddhead{\normalfont\small\hfil\rightmark\hspace{\headlineindent}% \llap{\thepage}} \def\chaptermark##1{}% \def\sectionmark##1{}% \def\subsectionmark##1{}} \def\ps@titlepage{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty \def\@evenhead{\normalfont\small\rlap{\thepage}\hspace{\headlineindent}% \hfil} \def\@oddhead{\normalfont\small\hfil\hspace{\headlineindent}% \llap{\thepage}} \def\chaptermark##1{}% \def\sectionmark##1{}% \def\subsectionmark##1{}} \if@runhead\ps@headings\else \ps@empty\fi \setlength\arraycolsep{1.4\p@} \setlength\tabcolsep{1.4\p@} \endinput